Table 1: 5-phase Analytical Interaction Model – Gunawardena, Lowe & Anderson (1997)

Phase	Description
1 – Sharing and comparing information	In this phase, verbal transactions take the form of statements and observation
2 – Discovery and exploration	During this phase participants become aware of differences in views and interpretations. Typical utterances at this stage would be questions, clarifications and elaboration concepts.
3 – Negotiation of meaning and construction of knowledge	In this phase there is evidence of negotiation of outcomes and areas of agreement and disagreement, with proposals of mutual understanding.
4 – Testing and revision of ideas	Interactions would include statements of evidence against criteria, use of examples and investigation of alternative viewpoints.
5 – Awareness of newly constructed knowledge	The phase would entail Metacognitive statements demonstrating new knowledge construction and reflection on areas of agreement or disagreement